Knowledge And Application Of Skills Social Work Essay Essays

Knowledge And Application Of Skills Social Work Essay Essays Knowledge And Application Of Skills Social Work Essay Essay Knowledge And Application Of Skills Social Work Essay Essay Crisis can be defined as an unbearable hard state of affairs or obstruction in life, when an person s get bying mechanisms fail, farther intensifying into emotional torment and disorganisation ; therefore, doing complete immobilisation in his/her day-to-day operation and necessitating for immediate crisis intercession or referral ( James, 2008 ) . Crisis can originate from nerve-racking or traumatic state of affairss due to one or more issues refering to serious medical unwellness, force, personal loss of loved one, sudden homelessness due to natural catastrophes, heavy fiscal debts, colza, or broken relationships. James ( 2008 ) characterizes crisis as danger and chance, complexness of symptoms, seeds of growing and alteration, speedy holes and, by catholicity and foible. An single faces psychological issues that can overmaster concluding when crisis takes the signifier of danger, such as self-destruction or homicide. However, crisis can be seen as an chance to redemption if the individual decides to obtain aid at the right clip. Second, crisis can besides happen if a individual reaches a breakage point due to an overpowering series of multifaceted jobs and state of affairss, originating from his/her environment, establishments, and/or relationships with people. Third, crisis can take to growing and alteration if the person makes a pick at the right clip. When anxiousness precedes crisis, it finally leads to an person s admittance that the state of affairs is beyond control and resignations to intervention that brings about a alteration. However, the pick to avoid decision-making can merely ta ke to lay waste toing effects. Fourthly, people tend to fall back to quick holes when faced with crisis ; but these holes are superficial and do non convey about lasting alteration. It merely aggravates the state of affairs. Last, one understands that life is complex, and crisis is inevitable ; and even the strongest individual is susceptible to force per unit area. However, the degrees of exposure and get bying mechanisms to cover with the same state of affairs may differ from one person to another. Barjon ( 2008 ) describes the BASICS theoretical account of crisis experience as behavioural, affectional, bodily, interpersonal, cognitive and religious severally. Behavioral refers to the precursors and effects of behaviour before and after a crisis, reflected in a client s reactions ( E.g. daze, calls of terror or hurt ) . Affective is the emotional strength of the client s behavior station crisis ( E.g. Anger, fright, anxiousness, depression, shame, etc. ) . Bodily refers to the client s physical symptoms eventful to the crisis, which may show itself as insomnia, concern, spasms, shortness of breath, sickness etc. Interpersonal is a province in which the client may either experience backdown or may be given to be highly vocal and expressive. Cognitive refers to the client s thought procedure station crisis, which may come up as denial, obfuscation, daze or freak out. Last, the religious facet is the client s trust on religion to cover with the crisis ( e.g. Questioning God s pro grams and the significances and enigmas of life itself ) . In order to make crisis intercession work, ( Gregoire A ; Jungers, 2007 ) the crisis worker should possess appraisal accomplishments to implement the six-step theoretical account of crisis intercession: 1 ) Specifying the job: Regardless of clip restraints, it is indispensable to infer a speedy effect of the state of affairs, to avoid any mistakes in misinterpreting the client. It is imperative to understand the client and his/her pursue the point of position. 2 ) Guaranting safety: Crisis workers should keep their safety by being qui vive of any at hand dangers that could impact the client or themselves ; nevertheless, they are non apt to endanger their lives in the procedure. 3 ) Supplying support: Similar to client-centered therapy, the crisis worker should show and pass on congruity, unconditioned positive attitude, and empathy, to do the client feel valued and accepted. 4 ) Analyzing options: In a province of crisis, the client can no longer treat ideas and do determinations as they feel there are no options left. Therefore, the worker should believe creatively, and supply the client with options and suggest get bying mechanisms as a manner to reimburse and self-actualize ( p. 560-561 ) . 5 ) Making programs: Crisis workers ( James, 2008 ) demand to be directing and prompt in inventing eventuality programs and supplying get bying schemes. They should promote the client to self-actualize inorder to recover some assurance and stableness, at least temporarily until aid arrives. Further support can be given by proposing referrals and giving directional stairss. 6 ) Obtaining committedness: The last measure should affect obtaining a steadfast committedness from the client, merely after holding reached a successful program of action. Committedness can be made symbolically, possibly by manner of a handshaking, written statement or a verbal promise. The expiration of the intercession should non take topographic point if the worker feels the client is still in the province of disequilibrium to do an honorable committedness. Conclusively, the first three stairss relate to good hearing accomplishments by go toing, demoing empathy, detecting, understanding, caring and regard ; whereas the last three stairss require moving and directing accomplishments. Another noteworthy facet to crisis intercession is the triage appraisal. Roberts ( 2005 ) asserts the importance of this appraisal as a tool to do simple, rapid and valid appraisals on the degrees of crisis and deadliness, sing the short span of clip. Triage assessment system enables the worker to roll up information if possible ( e.g. Person s demographics and background from a household member or relations ) ; gauge the individual s mobility, get bying mechanism and equilibrium ; find the badness of the state of affairs ; and, take required steps ( e.g. Supply referrals to reliable support groups, healers or short-run hospitalization ) to forestall the person from making any farther self-harm to himself/herself or to others. The worker can so agree whether to take a directive, non directive or collaborative attack. ( James, 2008 ) A good crisis worker will possess both theoretical and practical accomplishments in order to transport out crisis intercession work. Some of the salient features in an effectual worker include: 1 ) Life experiences: A worker who has more life experiences, accompanied with preparation, and have overcome their ain jobs successfully, may be able to manage clients in a better manner. There are exclusions to the instance: If the worker has non overcome his past jobs, there is an increasing inclination to reassign the negative thoughts or feelings on to the client. There are plentifulness of cases where workers decide to work with people who face the same job as they may hold undergone. 2 ) Poise: There is a high opportunity that the worker may meet unexpected or lurid state of affairss, where any show of agitation, can take the client to feed on the negativeness, and worsen the state of affairs. Therefore, keeping poise and control can promote the client to quiet down. 3 ) Creativity and flexibleness: Thinking out-of-the-box and being able to happen out different solutions and get bying mechanisms at short notice, can function as greater advantages in assisting the client reconstruct his equilibrium and concentrate on positiveness. 4 ) Quick mental physiological reactions: A crisis worker should hold speedy mental physiological reactions without which, it will be hard to manage a altering state of affairs. Considering, there is no excess clip to chew over and garner a batch of information, the worker should believe and run rapidly, being ready for any turn in events. 5 ) Energy and Resiliency: The worker has to be physically and psychologically strong to confront tough state of affairss, irrespective of the result of the intercession. Upon expiration of the intercession, crisis workers should follow resilience, and give no room for reconsideration, lest that affect their morale and consequence in a burn out. One can non compare a crisis worker s occupation to any other worker as non everyone can manage the occupation. Hoff A ; Hoff ( 2012 ) highlights the fact that the sheer work load and trouble of instances and the clip taken to do a discovery with a client can overpower the worker. Frustration is inevitable due to remote working with no way or audience on the scene of intercession. To cover with emphasis on a daily footing possibly normal, but the state of affairs could gyrate beyond control if the emphasis piles up and the worker does non vent it out. Harmonizing to Corey A ; Corey ( 2007 ) , crisis workers face intense emphasis when they mix their professional life and individual life. Crisis workers need to be resilient and emotionally strong, or they easy risk a burnout. Changeless contemplation on their ain experiences and personal transmutations which made them stronger persons is necessary to assist them step in efficaciously. The worker is fleeceable to experience responsibl e for any failed intercession. ( Hoff A ; Hoff, 2012 ) The employers can decide burnout issues by supplying the worker with compensatory vacations and periodic guidance. Introducing a problem-solving commission and revolving the workers to take part in other diverse plants can besides relieve some force per unit area. In decision, all the above kineticss confirm one fact: A crisis workers occupation of crisis intercession is demanding in all respects and it takes a strong personality and multiple accomplishments to cover with the sensitivenesss of a crisis state of affairs. Correct and timely intercession can debar farther catastrophe. The writer feels that crisis workers are like obscure heroes who do their occupation bravely and with doggedness, but disappear without acknowledgment on a occupation good done, merely to acquire ready for the following mission. Word count: 1600

Popular Cliches Explained for ESL Students

Popular Cliches Explained for ESL Students A cliche is a common phrase that has been overused. In general, cliches are to be avoided. In reality, they are not avoided - thats why they are cliches! Understanding popular cliches is especially important for English learners because they provide a deeper understanding of set phrases - or chunks of language. You might hear movie stars or politicians using cliches. Theyre phrases everybody understands.   10 Popular Cliches The writing on the wall   Something that is about to happen, something that is obviousCant you see the writing on the wall! You need to get out of that business.To pull an all-nighter   To study or work all nightWe had to pull an all-nighter to get the work finished on time.Pearls of wisdom   Wise words or adviceIm not really interested in his pearls of wisdom. He lived in a different period.Too much of a good thing   Generally used when saying thats impossible to be too happy, or luckyEnjoy it! You cant have too much of a good thing.Fit as a fiddle   To be ready and ableIm fit as a fiddle. Lets do this thing!Curiosity killed the cat   Dont be too inquisitive, it can be dangerous!Remember curiosity killed the cat. You should just forget about it.Dont do as I do, do as I say.   Used when someone points out that you are being hypocritical (doing one thing while insisting that others do that thing differently)Stop talking back! Dont do as I do, do as I say!Let sleeping dog s lie   Dont look into (investigate) something that was troublesome in the past, but in which people are not currently interestedId let sleeping dogs lie and not re-open the investigation into the crime. A cat has nine lives   Someone might be having problems now, but there are many chances to do well or succeedHis career reminds that a cat has nine lives!Moment of truth   The moment in which something important will be shown or decidedIts the moment of truth. Either well get the contract or we wont. Where Can I Find Cliches? These chunks of language known as cliches are found everywhere: in letters, in films, in articles, in conversation. However, cliches are most often used in conversation.   Should I Use Cliches? A good rule of thumb for English learners is to understand a variety of popular cliches, but not necessarily use them actively. Many times the use of a cliche signals fluency, but often cliches are considered inappropriate or unoriginal. On the other hand, if a native speaker  uses a cliche you will understand!  Ã‚   The Difference Between an Idiom and a Cliche An idiom is a phrase that means something else than the literal words. Idioms always have figurative, not literal meanings. Literal Meaning exactly what the words sayFigurative Having a different meaning than what the words say Two Idioms To get under someones skin To bother someoneShes getting under my skin these days!No spring chicken Not youngToms no spring chicken. Hes almost 70! Two Cliches A cliche is a phase which is considered overused (used too often) which can be literal or figurative in meaning. Here are some examples: The good old days / literal In the past when things were betterI remember my years at college. Yes, those were the good old days.Tip of the iceberg / figurative Only the beginning, or just a small percentageThe problems we are seeing are just the tip of the iceberg.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 406

Assignment Example Emily’s mother is concerned with his duties in order to raise Emily and this is ironic because those duties made her to fail in giving the appropriate care to Emily (Olsen 271). The story is set or moves in a long timeframe. It is set in the 1950 but it focuses back in 1930 during the time of great depression and 1940’s at the time of the Second World War. The story is also set in the narrator’s working class home as she indicates that after birth of their first child they were poor and could not afford to bring up the daughter as required (Olsen 272). In the story, Emily’s mother is contacted by her daughter’s school counsellor or teacher. She informs him about how her daughter had a trouble life while growing. The difficulties which the mother talks about her daughter include, she was left by her father when 8 years old, She was sent away to live with relatives because her mother was poor and she was sent to a convalescent home and she never enjoyed (Olsen

Transforming organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Transforming organizations - Essay Example All the theories of organizational development aim toward improving individual organizations. Such a notion of organizational development differs considerably from the traditional techniques of organizational change. This paper aims at answering the various questions related to organizational development and the traditional methods. Traditional, Pragmatic and scholarly forms of transforming organizations The traditional systems of organizational change emphasize mainly on identifying the problems arising in an organization and then making efforts to make changes to the factors that are creating such problems. It is an endeavor to bring about changes in isolated behaviors that are responsible for certain unwelcome outcomes. It does not pay much attention to the cooperative action of the managers as well as the employees at the different hierarchical levels to solve the problems. Traditionalists argue that the long established values that human beings possess should be the driving forc e of OD. It should be based on equality, faith and collaboration (Trends within OD and Their Impact on OD’s Future, 2012). The pragmatic forms relate to the growing demands for professionalization and emphasizes on relevance. They desire that OD should create a common body of knowledge, describe the minimum level of aptitude and introduce regulatory infrastructure. The scholarly forms of OD are based on the ability to understand, predict and control change. They are more inclined towards creating knowledge and figure out proactively how change is triggered and under what circumstances it works effectively. These differences are illustrated in Figure 1 (See Figure 1 in Appendix B). Changes in the methods of organizational development There are different forms of organizational development in terms of both theoretical and philosophical grounds. These different practices of organizational development have emerged, according to general thinking, as a result of a shift in the awar eness of people and their acceptance of the new theories and more importantly because, these new theories become effective in practice. They throw light on new ways of improving effectiveness of the organizations alongside staying true to the humanistic value base of the organizational development (Bushe & Marshak, 2009, p. 349). The form of OD that is prevalent and is commonly found to be explained in OD textbooks is the Diagnostic OD. Contrary to this, a new form of OD is followed by the organizations that have been named as the Dialogic form of OD. In the foundational theory of OD, organizations are believed to adapt to their outside environment similar to the way employees adapt to the internal environment of the organization. The Diagnostic OD refers to the process of collecting data for making comparisons between a team or company against a given prescriptive model. Methodologies in this process include classical research, socio-technical analysis of systems, survey feedback, SWOT analysis and effective team development. These are incorporated into the methods of problem solving and action planning. The central aspect of this form of OD lies in the assumption that the objective data can be used in the process of social discovery. The classical system of organizational development pushes people to think of companies as an assortment of structures that co-evolve with their environment and adapt to it. However the emerging practices of orga

Know “Joe” Essay Example for Free

Know â€Å"Joe† Essay During the 2008 General Presidential election, candidates John McCain and Barack Obama used media technology to create compelling stories that would hopefully shift public opinion in their favor, especially among undecided voters. With this essay, I will be analyzing one of the more controversial stories that had been flung to the forefront of the election with the release of John McCain’s I am Joe the Plumber advertisement (Kurtz). I will first show how the GOP campaign used the actual Joe Wurzelbacher, the Ohio plumber constantly mentioned by the Republican nominee as the average American middle-class citizen, in this advertisement as a popular symbol in order to try to convince voters that the McCain/Palin ticket identified with the concerns of the average middle-class voter. In contrast to the populist rhetoric of the ad, I argue that this strategy in the end failed due to a shallow and false claim that Senator Obama was in support of a socialist tax agenda that would raise taxes on middle-class incomes under $250,000 (Bumiller). The Joe the Plumber ad begins with an out of context clip of Mr. Obama saying â€Å"I think when you spread the wealth around its good for everybody. † This quote came from a campaign stop in Ohio and is the basis for the entire ‘Joe the Plumber’ phenomenon that changed the way the American public imagined an average citizen. Mr. Wurzelbacher asked Mr. Obama if he would raise taxes on people in his income bracket and this was the off-the-cuff response Mr. Obama gave. The moment was caught on camera and the McCain campaign and tried to paint Mr. Obama as a socialist in their never ending strategy of trying to make Mr. Obama appear like he is out of touch with the current state of politics. Immediately after the opening clip, the camera cuts to a succession of three close-up shots of middle-aged white women saying directly into the camera, â€Å"I am ‘Joe the Plumber’. † Next, a female narrator rhetorically asks, â€Å"Spread the wealth? † as the words themselves dissolve into the group of frowning people on screen. Next, a combined sentence of two men ensues asking, â€Å"I’m supposed to work harder just to pay more taxes? † Then, a skeptical man rhetorically asks, â€Å"Obama wants my sweat to pay for his trillion dollars in new spending? † followed by another woman stating, â€Å"I am Joe the Plumber. † At this point the narrator comes back and says, â€Å"Barack Obama: Higher taxes, more spending, not ready. † These words are bold and flash on-screen shown against a smirking picture of Obama. Of course, the commercial ends with a smiling picture of John McCain with his voiceover, â€Å"I am John McCain, and I approve this message. † It is interesting to note that this campaign had largely been fought through the media. According to a study by the Campaign Media Analysis Group, John McCain’s campaign spent close to $120 million on broadcasting television ads (Election). This figure is hard to believe and it forces the audience to think critically about how much importance the swaying of public opinion has played in this election. With this much campaign money being spent on image creation, it is obvious that every nuance to every advertisement is purposeful in its intention and message. With this in mind, I will describe how the ad changed the way I approached mediated politics. Initially, the ad made me identify with the claims presented, after all, who really wants to pay higher taxes in the middle of the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression? The people making these statements in the commercial appear to be average enough: they aren’t shown wearing expensive clothing or fancy jewelry, they talk directly into the camera, and they avoid hyperbole and demonstrate a genuine concern about these issues. Unfortunately for the McCain campaign these claims fall by the wayside upon closer inspection and research. As it turns out, the ‘real’ Samuel Joe Wurzelbacher â€Å"owed back taxes, did not have a plumbing license (he told the Associated Press he doesnt need one because he works for someone elses company), and may not have been registered to vote. † In addition, he has since admitted that under Obama’s proposed plan, he would receive a tax break because he only makes $40,000 a year; not the $250,000 he originally claimed as a small business owner (Chipman). The ‘trillion dollars in new spending’ that the ad claimed also turned out to be based on false information. The non-partisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget calculated that Obama promised a total of $990 billion in new spending over his first four-year term but his proposed spending cuts come to around $989 billion. This means that the net actually balances out (Dobbs). With all these false claims and the millions upon millions of dollars spent, I ultimately felt annoyed and cheated by this advertisement and the overall strategy employed by the Republican ticket. If the McCain campaign was going to continue to resort to attack ads based on false information then what would lead us, the average American public that they so repeatedly claim to identify with, to believe that they would tell the truth about important issues if they would have won the election? Another problem I have, not only with this particular ad, but with the Republican advertising campaign in general is the haste with which they adopt these media symbols without doing very much background checking on them prior to using then them for their own agenda. ‘Joe the Plumber’ is the key example here, but an even more troubling example may be McCain’s choice of Sarah Palin as a running mate. Both ‘Joe’ and Mrs. Palin greatly motivated and energized the Republican side in the short term, but as time progressed and the media and public had the chance to learn more about these campaign catalyst symbols, they eventually turned out to counter-balance the initial jolt they provided. For instance, the media picked up on the story that Governor Palin spent over $150,000 dollars on her campaign wardrobe at extravagant retailers like Saks 5th Avenue (Bumiller). This image directly contradicts the ‘average hockey mom’ mythical portrait that the GOP had fought so hard to perpetuate in order to capture middle-class citizens, especially females. Repeatedly, the Republican campaign of John McCain and Sarah Palin resorted to negative attack ads based on faulty, if not completely false, premises. The ‘Joe the Plumber’ ad continued this troubling trend. In fact, it may be the iconic example that eventually turned the tide against the Republican nominee, especially after considering that the media outted the ‘real’ Samuel Joe Wurzelbacher as a fraud and liar willing to bend his story to fit an ideological narrative. Despite this advertisement’s shaded attack against Barack Obama, in my opinion it actually did more harm to the Republican ticket due to the lack of honesty and the propagandist appeals to an imaginary middle-class whose interests are being manipulated and distorted through the media in order to sway public opinion to gain voter support. Works Cited Bumiller, Elisabeth, Jeff Zeleny. â€Å"McCain and Obama Hurl Broadsides at Each Other Over Taxes and Jobs†. The New York Times. 25 Oct. 2008. http://www. nytimes. com/2008/10/24/us/politics/24campaign. html? ref=politics. Chipman, Kim, Hans Nichols. â€Å"Obama, McCain Pit Plumbers vs Hedge-Fund Managers in Tax Debate. † Bloomberg Press. 23 Oct. 2008. http://www. bloomberg. com/apps/news? pid=20601087sid. Dobbs, Michael. â€Å"Obama’s ‘Trillion Dollar’ Spending Plan†. The Washington Post. 1 Oct. 2008. http://voices. washingtonpost. com/fact-checker/2008/10/obamas. â€Å"Election 2008. † The New York Times. 2 Nov. 2008. http://elections. nytimes. com/2008/president/advertising/index. html Kurtz, Howard. â€Å"McCain Ad: We Are All ‘Joe the Plumber’†. The Washington Post. 22 Oct. 2008. http://voices. washingtonpost. com/the-trail/2008/10/22/mccain.

Twelfth Night :: essays research papers

Twelfth Night â€Å"Twelfth Night is a comedy of light and shade. Its characters are not unreservedly happy and the events are not unreservedly humorous.† Discuss. As a comedy, Twelfth Night is obviously intending to not only entertain its audience but also point out problems in society. It is imperative to entire merit of the play not to be realistic but to allow for empathy. Therefor to have a comedy of complete lightheartedness there would be no balance and hence no avenue for audience interaction. Without light we would have no darkness and for this reason Shakespeare has had to incorporate tragedy in order for the comedy to have it’s desired effect. The two in juxtaposition accentuate each other. The characters of Twelfth Night are neither bluntly humorous nor artlessly tragic. Twelfth Night like all Shakespearean comedies is largely about social concerns. The social messages in Twelfth Night are largely about, the need for a balance in life, that you should not judge on appearance as they can be deceptive and the importance of self awareness or the humor in lack of. Neither is artlessly or bluntly humorous, as this would detract from the greater issues he in attempting to convey. Humor instead is used in contrast to some pain to antithesis the comedy and accentuate the themes. The plot of Twelfth Night is comic it explores many social issues in it’s comedy yet is also not unrestrained in it’s humor. As a comedy Twelfth Night follows, many conventions as far as structure, the setting is in a far away â€Å"romantic† land, situation, and events somewhat steer the plot however this is certainly not without art or subtleties. Shakespeare has carefully intertwined comedy and pain in both the main and the sub plots to highlight the comedy and explore the social themes. The audience is forced to suspend disbelief that such a coincidence could occur. The audience is transported from their ordinary mundane existence and is transported into a world of chance, non-existent penalties for practical jokes and the unmistakable harmony of events. It is this incongruity compared to everyday life that is humorous. However, this summer, frivolris setting is not completely free from conflict. There is however, some predominately â€Å"lighter† characters that serve as comic relief from the more serious main plot and represent a certain â€Å"type† of people in society. Sir Toby and Sir Andrew would have been marvelously enjoyed by Shakespearean audiences as they are today. Not a scene goes by involving these to where we can laugh and the slow wit of Sir Andrew and the awkward puns of Sir Toby.

Cry of the Kalahari

Cry of the Kalahari Mark and Delia Owens were two students that studied biology at the University of Georgia. They both shared a dream of saving part of Africa's wilderness that is endangered or going extinct. They researched and made conversation projects based on the endangered wildlife in Africa for twenty-three years. They got married then shortly after they sold everything they owned and used the money to buy tickets and supplies and headed to Africa. They lived in tents for seven years in â€Å"Deception Valley,† in the Kahalari Desert of Bostwana studying black-manned lions and hyenas.In their book â€Å"Cry of the Kahalari,† published in 1984, the Owen's said they had bad living conditions. A quote from them says: â€Å"We rationed ourselves to seven gallons of water per week, for bathing, cooking, and drinking. The water from the drums tasted like hot metallic tea, and to cool it for drinking, we filled tin dinner plates and set them in the shade of the acacia . But if we didn't watch it to closely, the water would quickly evaporate or collect bees, twigs, or soil. After washing the dishes, we took sponge baths in the dishwater, and then strained the coffee-colored liquid through a cloth into the trucks radiator. They built a research station and over several years they gained the trust of the different lions and brown hyenas. Mark Owens later went to South Africa to learn how to pilot small airplanes. The Frankfurt Zoological Society became the Owen's main sponsor granted him with the money to get a single-engine plane called a Cessna. He used the plane to take surveys of the wildlife. Him and his wife did very close observations of the social life and behaviors of the brown hyenas. People were attracted to their work, which funded for their observations.In 1997, they returned the United States to work in the North-West of the United States and to record their data from their years in Africa. Mark and Delia Owens stayed in a country name d Bostwana. Bostwana is located in the lower-center portion of Africa (22 00 S, 24 00 E) . The capital is Gaborone and Bostwana is about 600,370 square kilometers. The national language in Bostwana is Setswana but the official language is English. The currency is the Pula (P) which is made of one hundred Thebe. Bostwana is in the Central Africa Time.The climate there in the summer is from November to the end of March and usually very high temperatures, also very rainy and cloudy. In 1974, many parts of the country flooded. It was the heaviest ever recorded in Bostwana. The winter season begins in May and ends in August. This is the dry season when there is none to very little rainfall. It is very sunny, however, evening and night temperatures can drop below freezing point. In between April and May, and September and October it is still dry and the days are cooler and nights are warmer. The African lions are the largest of Africa's cats and are active at night.The Lion has excellent binocular vision and is able to see very well in low light. The lions can usually be found lying under shade trees. Lions are very social animals and they team up to hunt their prey. They form in groups called prides. The pride is two groups, one of four to twelve females and cubs, and one of one to six males who mate with the females. The prides are few in places like the Kalahari because of the small abundance of prey, but are larger where there is more prey. Lions are capable of catching a wide variety of prey. They will attempt to catch any animal.They have been known to kill anything from small rodents to elephants but they do usually kill large to medium size ungulates. They may split up into smaller groups to roam free for a few days to weeks. The female lions are much faster than the males because the females hunt more than the males. After the females kill an animal for food the males get their share first because they defend the pride and their territory. A female lion has a pregnancy period of around one hundred and ten days and shortly before she is due to give birth she will leave the pride and find a safe place where she can give birth and raise the young cubs.Lions usually give birth to between one and six cubs, but usually they give birth to only two or three. The female remains away from the pride to protect the cubs from danger until they are four to eight weeks old and until the larger cubs in the pride have been weaned so they are eating meat and won't be in competition against her baby cubs. The Brown Hyenas are a main predator in the Kalahari. They are nocturnal hunters, and will stay active for about eighty percent of the night. They are often killed by lions and spotted hyenas. The Brown Hyenas are less aggressive than the spotted ones.Brown Hyenas has very strong and powerful front legs and smaller back legs. Brown Hyenas have very good senses, they are able to smell a carcass from long distances, and are able to run at high speeds for long distances to get to the carcass before other predators. As well as eating off carcasses, they will also eat fruit, insects, eggs, and will prey on small animals such as rodents, lizards and poultry They mark out territories as large as four hundred and eighty square kilometers. They are also a lot more rare than spotted hyenas.Unlike the Spotted Hyenas, Brown Hyenas will usually not try to take other predators kill. Brown Hyenas usually hunt for food by themselves and cover large distances. Brown Hyenas are sexually mature by three years. Brown Hyenas have pregnancy periods of about ninety-seven days. They give birth to between 1 and 4 babies and it is normally the dominant female that breeds, other females can give birth and use the same den. The young are kept in a den with a narrow entrance to try and prevent predators killing the cubs while the adults are away searching for food.All of the pack help out of the diet of the cubs by carrying food back to the den for them. The members of the pack spend a lot of time at the den playing with the cubs, which helps them learn social behavior. Ungulates are animals that have four legs and that use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to hold their whole body weight while moving. There are two types of ungulate animals, odd-toed ungulate and even-numbered ungulate. The odd-toed ungulate is an animal with hooves that have an odd number of toes. Some examples of a odd-toed ungulate include: zebra, wild donkeys, rhinoceros.A even-numbered ungulate is an animal with hooves that have an even number of toes, which include: aadvarks, hippopotamus, pigs, warthogs, giraffe, nyala, kudu, eland, antelopes, sheep, and goats. These animals feed on different types of plants and grasses for food. A predator is an animal that kills and eats another animal. The animal which is eaten is called the prey. Predator and prey evolve together because most of them live in the same habitat. The prey is part of the predator's environ ment, and the predator dies if it does not get food, so it adapts to whatever is necessary in order to hunt down and kill the prey.The predator needs speed, stealth, camouflage, a good sense of smell, sight, and hearing. Predators may hunt actively for prey, or sit and wait for prey to approach within striking distance. The two main predators in the Kalahari would be the lions and the brown Hyenas. The introduction of fences and drilling of bore-holes to make ground-water available, has made possible farming in the Kalahari, but this also holds the key to destruction. Extensive fencing began in Botswana in the fifties. Beef had became an important industry and the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease arose.European countries refused to accept meat products from Botswana because of fear of contamination. Today, Botswana has more than eight hundred miles of cordon fences through the wilderness and construction of another seven hundred is under way. The fences were made to seperate the country's population of livestock so it could be closed if a bad outbreak occurred. The fences have became a debate because veterinarians do not think it's very effective. Veterinarians have said through different experiments foot-and-mouth disease had not been spread to domesticated livestock. Also, they said no one really knows how it is spread.

Smoking Habits

Substance Abuse Paper HCA 250 September 30, 2012 Substance Abuse Paper I topic I have chosen to discuss is about the dangers of smoking tobacco at young age into adulthood. Smoking Tobacco is the leading cause of premature death in smokers and it has been linked to death of non-smokers which is known as second-hand smoke. Just like Alcohol and drug abuse, smoking tobacco is used for many reasons for example simply being cool, to fit in, peer pressure, and my parents do it. Now let’s discuss the reason why smoking tobacco is dangerous to the smokers and non-smokers.The reason for smoking is psychological, because the way smoking is glamorized in the movies and also in advertisements. This is not the real reason one chooses to smoke; the addiction is due to the nicotine which makes it hard to quit once one has started. One can overcome his or her addiction, when the psychological reasons for smoking are eliminated. The reasons people chose to start smoking tobacco was to show he or she is not timid or afraid, because his or her friends do it, to look cool, to act grown-up, sign of rebellion, parents are smokers, role models smoke, because of advertisement, for weight loss, and to reduce anxiety.The effects of smoking in the workplace can lead to unscheduled smoke breaks, absenteeism, involuntary smoking, second-hand smoke, higher insurance premiums, increased chances of lung cancer in non-smokers and smokers, heart disease in non-smokers and smokers, effects the fetus of a pregnant worker, and irritation of eyes, headaches, nasal discomfort, cough, sore throat, or sneezing. To help employees control his or her smoking habit should begin with restricting smoking in the workplace.By doing this it helps promote a healthy program in the workplace. Considering that exposure to tobacco smoke is a health hazard that many face on a daily basis. Therefore some would agree that this exposure should be addressed, therefore making it a workplace health program for all non-smoker and smokers. In order to help employees control his or her smoking habits is to introduce a smoking policy. When this policy is introduced it should be enforced at all times by smokers and backed by all employers and employees.A company can also help those who want to stop smoking by offering fitness and nutritional counseling, exercise classes, and organized sports activities. The relationship between mental health and tobacco can be good and bad. People with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder receive a calming effect from the nicotine. Although nicotine provides a calming sensation short term, in the long term it can cause mental illness and other health issues.Some people begin to smoke because of depression, although once he or she try to quit they are likely to experience an episode of major depression. One can also experience insomnia, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, decreased heart rate, increased appetite, and weight gain. In conclusion smoking tobacco can cause serious damage to every organ in one’s body. It is very harmful to the lungs and the cardiovascular system, this becoming the leading cause of premature death in smokers.It also causes other diseases such as: heart disease, lung cancer, emphysema, peptic ulcer disease, and a stroke. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1991, June). Retrieved from http://www. cdc. gov Environment Tobacco Smoke (ETS): Workplace Policy. (2011, March 1). Retrieved from http://www. ccohs. ca Mental Health Realities. (2011, July 18). Retrieved from http://mentalhealthrealities. blogspot. com Sarafino, E. (2011). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial interactions (7th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

The major theme of Death of a Salesman Essay Example

The major theme of Death of a Salesman Essay Example The major theme of Death of a Salesman Paper The major theme of Death of a Salesman Paper Essay Topic: Death Of a Salesman The major theme of Death of a Salesman, above all else, is about Dreams and how they are the contributing factor of each characters perception of reality. The perception of reality that each character visualizes is of there own highest aspirations in life. The theme of dreams is the most important theme of Death of a Salesman, and I will be examining and comparing this particular theme with three other themes as well. These three themes are as follows: Honesty, Time and Performance. In completing my comparison of all four of these themes, I will weigh the importance of each one against the theme of Dreams, and as a result, come to a solid conclusion that indeed the theme of Dreams is the catalyst of the Lohman familys false perception of reality itself. In examining Death of a Salesman and a few of its most important themes, the theme of Dreams is certainly the most compelling and interesting of the four that I have selected. Each member of the Lohman family are all victims of their own false perception of reality. Their perception of reality is so out of focus that they are all blinded by their own aspirations of being something that they are not, as well as something that they cannot accomplish. This negativity towards the Lohman family is rightfully justified as a result of all three of the Lohman mens lack of ability to succeed and accomplish their very high aspirations. Death of a Salesman is dream-like, and as a result of this theme, it is evident that one of the main characters, Willy Lohman, is inside a dream that is made of life itself. Through Willy, the theme of dreams will be shown throughout the entire play more so then any other theme that I will be discussing. The hopes and dreams of all four members of the Lohman family rise out of reality. By this interpretation of their reality, it is easy to say that reality for the Lohman family is far from the truth. The one member of the Lohman family is far from the truth. The one member of the Lohman family that has any sense of reality is Willys wife, Linda Lohman. Linda tries to keep everything in perspective, and has a decent sense of reality even when her husband drills the idea and his false self confidence in regards to their financial situation into her head. Their financial situation is handled by Linda, yet Willy is the provider of the family and feels the need to always reassure Linda that he is making more then enough money to support the entire family. This is a false realization of the Lohman familys financial situation, and Willys ability to provide for his family the way he would like to will never be achieved. Death of a Salesman is not only about dreams, but about honesty, time and performance. These three themes will be discussed in comparison to the theme of dreams in the following two paragraphs. Willy Lohman had a dream, but this dream was based on Dishonesty. His dreams of being a well-known and prestigious salesman were only dreams, not reality, and should have been acknowledged as such. Unfortunately, Willys dreams of being a great man, as well as being a famous and popular salesman were foolish, yet not unattainable. At the same time, these self-images were very unrealistic and just not true. What Willy presents to his own family about his self-image is a false one, yet his oldest son Biff is infected by these false images of his father. In turn, he believes that he can accomplish and have anything he would like, even when he knows a particular thing is unattainable. Not only is Willy dishonest, but his two sons Biff and Happy are as well. Biff is dishonest several times during the play, and in one instance he stole, or as he claimed borrowed a football from his school claiming that he would return it the next day at school. Willy has two sides to himself most of the time when it comes to Biff. At times, Willy praises him saying how great he was and still is. Other times, he is complaining and venting off steam by talking down at Biff and speaking negatively of him. Because of Biffs false sense of security that his dreams have given him, the theme of dishonestly comes into play more so. This is the case due to the fact that this particular dishonestly would never have taken place if only Biff understood what it meant to be an honest guy. He never got a chance to due to his fathers perception of reality and his false dreams. Willy dreams that one day Biff will become something big, something that he could be proud of. Unfortunately, Biff is incapable of achieving his fathers high expectations for him, and gets very frustrated at times as a result. These dreams are the cause of this particular dishonesty-filled scenario, thus giving the theme of dreams the most importance and acknowledgement. Willy is the most dishonest of all characters in Death of a Salesman, and as such is prime subject of this theme. Willys aspirations and dreams slowly become smaller and as he has grown older, he begun to realize that he is living a lie, a dream. As a result of this realization, he tries to kill himself. Willy is also unsatisfied with his wife Linda at times, so he cheats on her with a woman from Boston. He tries to lie his way out of it, yet is unsuccessful. This is yet another example of his dishonestly. His dreams of wealth not only for his family, but for himself, are very far-fetched. These aspirations, false dreams, and dishonestly were ultimately the death of Willy Lohman.

10 Super Weird College Majors Youve Never Heard Of

10 Super Weird College Majors Youve Never Heard Of You have a passion for something, but you aren’t sure whether there’s a major for that. We’re in an exciting, evolving time now where, depending on where you choose to study, you can kind of go your own way. There are tons of weird, but cool- and real- majors out there for you to explore and extend what drives you. So pick your passion, follow your bliss, and major in something that matters to you. Here are 10 of the weirdest and the coolest ones we’ve found.1. Adventure EdIf you go to Plymouth State University in New Hampshire, you can take courses in Rock Climbing, Canoe Paddling, Wilderness Expedition, etc. in preparation to help teach kids, adults, at-risk populations, and yourself to have challenging experiences in the great outdoors. Your job prospects include working for outdoor education at state or national parks, or even outdoor adventure programs the world over.2. BagpipingShow your Scottish roots- at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, yo u can major in Bagpipe Performance. The major has been around for 75 years.3. Canadian StudiesAt Duke University in North Carolina, it’s not all about American Studies. You can study the literature, politics, and culture of the giant country to the north- regardless of whether or not you hail from there. Learn, in-depth, about our neighbors!4. AuctioneeringThink you’d make a great auctioneer? If you go to Harrisburg Area Community College in Pennsylvania and study things like Audience Communications, Auctioneering Law, Procurement and Appraisal of Merchandise, and Preparations for the Auction, you’ll prep yourself for a very specific career. Job prospects: obvious!5. The BeatlesNo, really. At Liverpool Hope University in the UK, you can â€Å"examine the significance of the music of The Beatles in the construction of identities, audiences, ethnicities and industries, and localities.† Job prospects: Beatles historian (yes, apparently that is a thing) or Po pular Music Studies specialist.6. CitrusIf you go to Florida Southern University, where citrus farming is key, you can learn all you need to know about planting, irrigating, weed managing, pruning, fertilizing, pest controlling, and all other general citrus tree managing. Job prospects are surprisingly numerous: work for large citrus production companies, grove service companies, agricultural cooperatives, juice processing plants, agrochemical and fertilizer companies, or at citrus research facilities.7. Comic ArtComic arts are a real art these days. Study History, Concepts, Storytelling, Print Web Publishing, Composition, Character Development, etc. at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design, then take a job at comic studios as a cartoonist, illustrator or author or in comic book art production.8. EgyptologyLove mummies? At Brown University in Rhode Island, you can prepare yourself for a career as an Egyptologist, historian, or specialized archaeologist by studying all things An cient Egyptian and Mesopotamian.9. Farrier ScienceLearn how to shoe horses at Mesalands Community College in New Mexico. Enjoy courses such as Equine Anatomy and Physiology, Horseshoeing Theory, Blacksmithing, then find yourself your dream career as a self-employed farrier, or work in equine or agricultural industries.10. Pop CultureAre you that person who knows everything about pop culture and doesn’t really care much about anything else? There’s a degree for you at Bowling Green State University in Ohio. Your course load would include things like Intro to Popular Culture or Popular Culture and Media, Black Popular Culture, Television as Popular Culture, Folklife and Material Culture, and History of Popular Literature. And a wide variety of careers might be open to you, including positions in advertising, public relations, journalism, mass media (management, performance, production and marketing), teaching, library and museum work. It never hurts to be a well-rounded person who knows a ton about what’s going on around you.

From Typical Contracts to E-Contracts Assignment

From Typical Contracts to E-Contracts - Assignment Example Therefore it is advantageous as it saves both consumers the time they would have used to travel to the signing offices. Third, the technology has greatly improved efficiency in the real estate sector hence resulting to reduce â€Å"contract-to-closing times.† Also, the electronic contract system reduces deforestation. This is because it has eliminated the use of papers for documentation. Instead, it uses CD’s where the signed documents are stored and issued to the consumers. In addition, the new procedures favor consumers who do not like to reveal their identity. This is because there is no eye contact between the buyer and seller. The only person who gets to meet the consumers is the attorney thus providing privacy to those who value their personal privacy. From the 1st classmate, I would agree with him that it feels different while closing deals through electronic system compared with the traditional way. Despite the difference in two methods, both need much attention as a way of maintaining accuracy. By using this method, consumers risk losing nothing since they are guaranteed protection from the real estate companies. None of their protection will be jeopardized in electronic contracts since all procedures are done in private. To the 2nd classmate, I think you should end the doubts you have towards the e-contract system. It is true people rarely read the whole contract but with the use of e-contracts, one can read them faster than reading hard copies . The search and find tools make all the difference thereby making the transactions easy and transparent. In addition to this, conditions precedent adhere to thereby the whole procedure is done under the discharge performance rule. By this, it means that the completion of the consumers’ contract can only be done through following what was promised before the signing of that contract.

Nursing Research Article Review Worksheet Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nursing Article Review Worksheet - Research Paper Example Moreover, will music therapy to able to display the same ameliorating effects as it has done for other patients dealing with pain management? As music therapy has had a demonstrable effect in lessening the pain of many patients that suffer from other forms of disease, it is the goal of the research to determine if the same can be said for those patients who are suffering from breast cancer. The theoretical framework hinges upon the fact that music therapy has been demonstrably proven to reduce the prevalence of pain within other patients. As such, the researchers are acutely interested to see if such a theoretical framework can extend to their research group/question. In this way although the research questions are of a relatively complex nature, the theoretical framework within which the research is housed is quite simple. The article itself is highly quantitative as it seeks to understand the total benefits that music therapy will affect on the cancer patients through determinate and metricized system of quantifiable measurements. Furthermore, the consecutive and logical grouping of the data helps the analyst not only to quickly recognize the piece’s overall quantitative merit but also to rapidly draw inference from the numbers and statistics